Category Archives: Development

The Brightest and the Best

Perquín Musings, a book I penned in 2009 contains commentary regarding immigration. Given the current focus on the subject, and the fact that we have not seen much progress on the subject during the past five years, I present the short chapter “The Brightest and the Best.”

9780988592100That is a very innovative selection process up North to get the type of foreign workers needed.

First, set up the prize. Earn as much in one hour as for a whole day in El Salvador. Second, set up the obstacle course. Practically no visas, dangerous route through Guatemala and Mexico, jump the fence and a high-risk desert run at the end. Once there, faced with illegal status and immigration roundups as the order of the day.

Maybe there ought to be a new Statue of Liberty on the Rio Grande, dividing Texas from Mexico. It would have to be updated, of course, modeled after Britney Spears or the latest iconic talent, with her belly showing. The inscription reading “give me your tired, your poor…” would also need a little updating. It should read “Give me your most daring, your fittest, those willing to take chances. Give me your initiative, your future, your brightest and best.”

With around two million Salvadorans in the States, the largest national product is the remittances they send home. In sheer numbers, that workforce probably compares pretty much with the workforce left in El Salvador.

The Darwinist selection of those who go north, however, results in a quality unbalance within the two groups, at least at the gumption level.

It is probably too early to speculate on changes to the gene pool, but we are left working with those left behind.

FlowerWe are working to slow that talent drain. El Salvador needs a few of the brighest and best to stay here at home; to change the conditions that leave migration as the only option for providing a decent living.

We do not believe in quick fixes, but that with a focused effort, change will start happening before we know it.

We are Amún Shéa and we are out to change our world. Join with us! It will change, only if we work together on this.

Politically Competent

Were political posturing and other hidden interests put aside, I wager the current immigration crisis would to a great extent just fade away. A transparent objective look at the subject also requires losing the emotional baggage instigated by the flood of Central American children to the US border.

The plight of the children is serious and cause of great concern. However, we far too often see children pushed into the spotlight as adults lose the capacity for dialogue. Indeed, throughout the world, we are increasingly resorting to using victims as a substitute for debate. Should this tendency reach the point of actually provoking victimization in order to make a point, we will have arrived at a new depth of inhumanity. Some would affirm we are already there. Aspects of the current US border crisis do suggest we have reached a threshold in that respect.

I was told by a friend a few days ago that parts of his family immigrated back during the Second World War. Apparently the shortage of industrial labor force in US factories actually provoked the need to recruit workers from south of the border.

No expert on immigration, I am not clear of how the situation evolved over the years. What is perfectly clear is that, in spite of current legality issues and physical obstacles, everyone who gets through gets a job. One can only assume the existence of a real job market.

As to the reason behind not recognizing that demand or need, we would need to enter into the shadowland of interests, greed and political maneuvering. The “illegality status” creates an underworld of parallel, unregulated and highly profitable financial and commercial structures.

It also creates family rupture as parents cannot freely travel back home and periodically see their children. This is one of the main contributing factors to the current child immigration situation, in my opinion. I know people in this situation. They went to the USA for the employment opportunity and as the means of providing for their families. They had no intention of staying on, but the economy got tough so it is taking longer than originally planned. They are worried about their children, with all the bad news coming out and they are being forced to make the decision to stay or leave. Staying means bringing in the family.

Canada takes a different approach. Employment opportunities, complete with strict requirements, are published by the embassy. Recruitment, selection and work visas are coordinated through diplomatic channels. Employees travel by air, just like the rest of us. They enjoy vacation periods and are able to visit home periodically. Quite the contrast…

So, why is it that we cannot publically acknowledge what we actually are doing; what we actually need? Cannot we understand that the “out of sight, out of mind” attitude comes with a pricetag; we only favor dark interests when we refuse to see reality. It also opens us up to be manipulated and that generally is brought to bear on our emotions. The “plight of the children” is in fact very real. But have we had a part in creating the crisis because we refuse to respond to any other stimulus?

How much control have we given away, in exchange for not being bothered? Have we noticed how Politically Correct gets twisted into Politically Convenient? Perhaps we need to ask ourselves whether we are actually Politically Competent. Perhaps all of us, on both sides of the border, need to take back some control and responsibility… and leave the kids alone.

Too Big to Solve

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As a happening that could be interpreted as deliberate, the flooding of the southern USA border with children from Central America has jolted the immigration reform debate. It has also caused a flare-up of fear and insecurity for some people. The human rights aspect, always a factor in the reception and treatment of immigrants, especially those considered illegal, has become a major issue due to the drastic increase in “unaccompanied” children turning themselves in to US Immigration officials at the border.

All in all, an already unwieldy problem just warped into a complexity that borders on too big to solve. Many components contribute to the problem and fingers are somewhat justifiable pointed in all directions as human interest and unfortunately self-interest comes into play. While there are many facets to explore, today we will take a look at just one: The Money Trail.

“Who is paying for all of this?” is a very understandable question, especially in today´s economy where just making ends meet could be considered quite the accomplishment. So, let´s take a look at the immigration economic impact, not from a national aspect because spending has never been a problem for a nation, but from the angle of the groups benefitting financially from what we must accept, is a Growth Industry.

To understand the idea of a growth industry we must look at this issue within the larger context of the US Prison Industry. According to published reports, US prisons have become a very lucrative endeavor, since components of the system were privatized. Resources are invested to insure they are operated at maximum capacity, as with any other business, and the effect is that the overall prison population has gone from 300,000 in the seventies to over 2 million today. According to Prison Policy Initiative  over 50,000 of that number is represented by Immigration offenses and detention. At a reported $20-$33,000 a year per inmate, the “who is paying for this” question just made a substantial dimensional leap. Add to that the bail bond and parole businesses and you have a real industry that is managing serious numbers.

I just talked with a Salvadoran friend in the USA regarding this aspect of entering illegally. It really comes down to a matter of survival and those who cannot make the desert run turn themselves in. Normally they will be given a date to appear at court and be released on bail. Many will forfeit that bail. “You end up working for the courts your first year here,” I was told. It is also important to keep in mind that the costs involved do not fall solely on the US Border program. The immigrants themselves and/or their families have made an important financial investment just to gain entry.

To fully understand the cost for the immigrant, we must incorporate the economy of their home country. Most are leaving rural areas that offer no employment opportunity. The necessity of surviving on less than one dollar a day is widely used as the benchmark for extreme poverty in Central America. Minimum wage in El Salvador for commerce and services is $8.08 per day or $242.40 per month, less social security and pension for a take-home pay of $ 219.99 ($7.33 per day.) Agriculture salaries start at $3.50 per day.

Currently the cost, from where we are in eastern El Salvador to the US border is from $4,000 to $9,000. This is paid to the “coyote,” the local guide with all the connections to deliver you to the border. One thousand of this goes to the Zeta Drug Cartel for “safe passage” through their territory. This safe passage is no guarantee at any step of the two-week journey. Immigrants face robbery, extortion, beatings, rape and kidnapping into the sex trade. Once at the border, and opting out of the desert run, you turn yourself in and start looking for help to pay the bail bond, which I understand runs between $1,500 to $10,000. This latest border overload has caused a boom in the attorney business, which offers to get you through for another $3,000.

If you consider the number of immigrants and the cost figures mentioned, the dollar volume is staggering; In short, too much money is involved to allow a solution.

Causes me to ponder with regard to where people put their hopes and trust. Creating the conditions in which one could be confident of investing at home rather than risking life, limb and a huge debt to gamble on getting into the USA, needs to be our goal.

Political Correctness versus Just Being Polite

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I fully understand the wisdom or need to be sensitive that our actions and speech do not offend, unless offense is needed. I am not convinced, however, that Politically Correct standards are completely democratic. I find it quite tiresome that I must measure every word uttered against a no-no list provided by special interest groups, while gritting my teeth over insensitivity towards people with which I now share my life. That said, I am hopeful that in most cases it is unintentional by the “perpetrator” and in fact normally no offense is taken by the “victim.”

The purpose of bringing this up at all, far from adding to the selections categorized as hate crimes, is to share the heart-felt appreciation I perceive and openly receive while employing these simple behavioral courtesies. By no means do I wish to initiate a process in which we will all just stop speaking with one another in order not to offend. Perhaps we may call this Political Politeness, although in fact it is just being polite.

By way of clarification, I have resided in El Salvador, a small country in Central America, for the past 30 years. I also claim some understanding about what I am presenting because I grew up in rural Delaware and Virginia; meaning this may very well hurt me as much as it hurts you.

  1. While visiting another country on the American Continent, please refer to back home as the United States or the USA. You are accustomed to proudly stating, “I´m American,” and rightly so, for you are American. However, everyone else around you is also American. America is a continent; we are all Americans, from la Tierra de Fuego in Argentina to the Northern Territories of Canada. This is not an issue of ownership, just something to keep in mind.
  2. Please get off that Number One trip. It´s downright embarrassing. Really, like Beverly Hillbilly embarrassing, if you remember back that far. Do a little research and discover for yourself in which categories we are actually Number One. Those in actual top positions of achievement do not crow about it.
  3. Good intentions aside, you don´t need to have the answer to everything. Actually you do not have the answer to everything and when your mouth opens, your ears close. Learning comes long before teaching. As an old saying goes; “Better to remain silent and be considered a fool than to speak up and remove all doubt.
  4. If you are a progressive supporter of human rights and through that activism happen to meet highly skilled Hispanic professionals who have been forced to flee their home country, please do not offer them a job doing your yard-work, unless it is absolutely the only option available. They may be in need of the cash, but put yourself in their shoes.

These are a few friendly tips, given with the intention of creating a better understanding among all of us, not to create defensiveness and not to be taken as an accusation of hate crimes. Political Correctness should not revive a McCarthy-like atmosphere, which only widens the divisions separating our combined talents, but become Political Politeness building greater understanding. An understanding of and consideration toward your neighbors should never go out of style.

The Great Sexual Orientation Dissonance

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by Ron Brenneman

Fully aware of the quagmire this discussion will lead to, I nevertheless launch myself headlong into the great sexual orientation debate. I do so, not because I have the solution or even a solution, but because I have an opinion and am availing myself of my inherent right to express it. Political correctness is disingenuous if it does not include space for sincere expression of opinion.

I must clarify, given my responsibilities in several organizations, that the opinion I express is my very own and by no means represents posture, position or stance by any institution I have had involvement with in the past, currently participate in or may form part of in the future. This is just me.

The specific issue of sexual orientation holds absolutely no interest for me; I just don´t care. I also do not care about your food preferences, your social background, your religion, your economic status or your academic titles. I hope this is clear. I just do not care and have very little interest in putting energy into these issues. To me, these issues are important only as components of personal identity. If you are comfortable with whom you are, great: if not, fix it. At the same time, my personal preferences, opinions and beliefs form part of my identity and unless I weld them in such a fashion as to harm another person in any manner, they shouldn´t be a great matter of concern to anyone else. A friendly debate on these issues may help to clarify one´s thinking as identity is built, but to grind a subject into the ground trying to homogenize everyone´s view into some kind of politically correctness is a pointless disruption.

The challenge here is to rise above the fray and take a good objective look around. There seems to be an effort in keeping us focused below the beltline, as it were. All aspects of personal identity are lodged in our lower self; in our lower chakras. While we are focused on our bellybuttons, an Armageddon-like scene is reality for communities of people throughout the world. Personal liberties have been severely curtailed even in “democratic” societies, a hostile takeover of governments seems to be underway and we passively accept being labeled “consumers” when truthfully the consumers are those who manage to “reap without sowing” and “producers” are consider unworthy of mention let alone credit for what they do.

Humanity is currently facing a major civilizational transition. Regardless of your view on evolution and creation, we are in the midst of events which will drastically modify the social and political structures currently known as religion, government, law and economy. This has begun; it is not some far removed possibility.

Our role is to be fully involved. This earth, the heavens and the coming age are our inheritance; yet we have been conned into misdirecting our precious energy into superficial, petty, struggles. It is high time to pull the focus up just a bit and to start dealing with reality. I would frankly ask my friends and colleagues who have come out, or are about to come out, “Why are you here? Is life about your bellybutton, or is it larger? Are you here just to make sure we understand who you are, or are you participating in the evolution of life?” Where in all the annals of history does a human create a difference on the basis of their sexual orientation? It´s immaterial; it doesn´t matter. Could we please start dealing with the continuation of life?

It is no accident that the recent focus of humanity has been from the waist down. Why is that? Fear of the power we hold in our hearts and in our heads? I propose, and hope with all my heart, and know as a fact (which is no contradiction), that the current generation of humanity has the capacity in their hearts and in their minds to recreate the world as it should be, to raise our sights beyond the beltline.

We hold the reins. What we focus upon becomes important. So, where is our focus?

Life protects itself in the end, even against us. And after all, each age of humanity reaches its deserved end…

Power, Influence and Authority

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Students taking ownership of their education is a lovely concept. Making it happen in real terms, is easier said than done. The mechanics involved in shifting power from one party to another are typically brushed aside as we speak glowingly of empowerment.

We are currently working through such a watershed moment, in our school cafeteria of all places, which exemplifies the fact that there are multiple adjustments and restructuring necessary for transferring ownership. It is a process more commonly known as a power struggle.

Twenty three of our students are participating in food preparation as part of their nutritional studies. This study involves organizing menus, calculating costs, determining supply logistics and much of the actual preparation of the selected menu. This takes place in the school cafeteria with food prepared for the student body and staff. This is not theoretical; it is real-time and real-world.

The kitchen staff and administration enjoyed the attention at first and supported the idea that the students should “learn how to cook.” Once the activity began to involve actual decision-making however, they felt encroached upon as this is their territory and their responsibility. The power struggle ensued.

The fact that the students are much better at some aspects of the organizing, calculating and logistics is a delicate matter; one which we will not bring up, as to not add fuel to the fire.

It is interesting that most will see this type of situation as it distraction from our task of education, rather than welcoming it as real and palatable classroom material. We have made the conscience decision to convert our administrative problems into valuable lessons for our students whenever possible. What is even more interesting is how the term, student, has broadened to include administrative and kitchen staff, along with our normal study group. We are all learning in this process.

IMG_0770The route we are taking is to introduce the interplay between Power, Influence and Authority in such a way that each party can easily understand the dynamics taking place. Our goal is to arrive at a win-win conclusion for all.

This method allowed us to identify the role that each party falls into naturally. The Administrator took the role of Authority, through control of the purchases. The Cooks had Power, as they decide what to cook, how to cook it, what to combine it with and what portion to put on the plate. The students, through their expressed interest, were able to exert Influence, but not enter into decision-making.

We did find that a shift in roles was called for. It just doesn´t make good sense that the Authority in our nutrition program is the checkbook, represented by the Administrator. IMG_0776We decided that the best role for Administration was that of Influence. If we are seriously “educating,” then the students must have the Power, in so far as production costs versus nutritional benefit are concerned, and in the introduction of new menus and dietary practices. The cooks do have the ultimate Authority, given they know what is and what is not feasible and other tricks of the trade known as experience.

Arriving at this conclusion by no means actually concludes a situation as dynamic as this. There are many details to work through and sensibilities to deal with before we call it a success. At the same time, it opens a real Pandora´s box of similar circumstances that can now to be examined in a new light.

Regardless of the perspective or the method deemed more appropriate, perhaps with greater academic foundation, to speak of empowerment without actually shifting power is a ridiculous exercise in counter-productivity.

Breaking it Down into Manageable Pieces

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“All problems, regardless of how overwhelming they may seem to us, start out small. All difficult situations under the heavens are a compilation of simple problems.”

paraphrased from Tao Te Ching, chapter 63

It is rather overwhelming to understand that I must deal with what seems to be an ever expanding epidemic of issues such as sexual abuse, harassment, misogamy and other actions which apparently have been prevalent for some time. Unfortunately these issues have been so successfully hidden, in plain sight, that we actually lack common vocabulary to describe them.

At the same time, they are generally taboo subjects, which explains how they can be hidden away in plain sight. We can observe and give opinions when observed from afar, but when it occurs in our circle of influence, we mum up very quickly.

“When you recognize a problem, you´ve just been handed the task of solving it,” is another ageless truth that comes without exception clauses. As a father of young children and with responsibility to a school full of children, it is now my responsibility to get over being uncomfortable with the subject and assume my assigned role in helping to solve it.

It is interesting how sanitized our abstract concepts are and how they tend to hide the foul realities that create them. Take the overused term underdevelopment; we hear it often and it conjures up images of poor, yet often noble people in need of a hand. But what are the base elements of underdevelopment, if not unsightly and often very ignoble displays of human nature coupled with dire economic conditions? With our work in northern Morazán in El Salvador, we often tout the fact that we have the lowest murder rate in the country. We will leave out however, the contradictory fact that we have one of the highest levels of interfamily violence. And what makes up interfamily violence? All of those phrases we don´t want to consider, much less openly discuss; neglect, psychological abuse, beating, molestation, incest and rape. This is not a blanket condemnation of the community, just some of the cold hard facts contributing to underdevelopment. And yes, much of the community deserves the distinction of noble and warm-heartedness.

It is high time we stop dealing with the abstracts and start applying that ageless counsel of dealing with the individual and simple components that comprise the overwhelming problem. Or better said resolve the problems while they are still small; nip them in the bud.

We had an “issue” several weeks ago at the Amún Shéa School. It consisted of a male teacher taking inappropriate actions toward several female students, to the point that they became uncomfortable. The short story is that the students spoke up, the teacher was fired and we showcased the incident as an example of empowerment and several of our supporters became uncomfortable.

On the surface, a very simple incident, but one that could actually provoke “much ado over nothing” comments. Just below the surface, however, lie key elements in “nipping the problem in the bud.”

First and foremost, the students involved have not become victims. They spoke up publicly in a transparent matter-of-fact setting and effected the necessary change, without the need to take on the role of victim. I believe this aspect deserves a good hard look. It is an area outside my personal expertise. I do appreciate organizations that work with victims, but firmly believe that in many cases we can prevent the victimization from occurring in the first place. Empowerment is another overused term, but self-aware young people with a sense of self-worth and self-ownership, who are supported by “us” and by involved institutions, are less likely to become victims.

Secondly, the negative role model being presented by the male teacher to male students was thoroughly thrashed. The public accusation was necessary for this important aspect. We cannot ignore the fact that most learning occurs through example, especially in terms of social behavior. Sweeping the incident under the rug only trains the next generation in unacceptable “manly” behavior.

The third point is that this is not a law-enforcement problem. This is a “just whom are we here for” type of situation. Law enforcement is required when total breakdown occurs and a victim is created. We have the responsibility of creating the conditions that do not allow the situation to get to that point. The guideline seems to be the comfort zone. No one should be expected to bear with impositions of intimacy from others that create discomfort. “Your freedom stops where mine begins,” a sometimes controversial phrase, works well here, as does the concept of individual sovereignty. They must, however be broadened to explicitly include minors and others considered to be “institutional wards.” Indeed, enrollment in a school does not lessen individual sovereignty of the minor, but rather doubles the institutional responsibility in the protection of that sovereignty.

An open, frank and transparent atmosphere is the fourth element in nipping this problem at the bud. We must be perfectly clear in the understanding that it is nothing more than our denial and embarrassment over given subjects of conversation that casts the shadows which allow these actions to originate and propagate. A conscience effort to name actions for what they are, in a public and very timely manner, must be our personal and institutional policy.

The world is not limited to our school, of course, not even for our students. This is why it is so important that empowerment and self-worth is instilled in each student. In the end it is they who will eradicate this stupidity and prepare for their own challenges. We are here only to support them and to break things down to manageable pieces.

The Mandate of Education in Development

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Education has a mandate in socioeconomic development! Especially in economically unstable regions, the implementation of new productive endeavors or innovative methods requires a time consuming learning process. In underdeveloped regions of the world, much of the effort of outside experts is consumed in teaching basic concepts and simple mathematic operations instead of implementing the necessary modernization.

Typically, these development projects are implemented in close proximity to a local school. These schools, as part of the “formal educational system” use standardized lessons which are often completely divorced from community needs and employment opportunities. This void easily reaches a point where the focus on the hypothetical leaves students unprepared for real-world situations. This situation actually disempowers people and generates passivity in the face of personal and shared challenges.

The mandate is to bridge this gap between education given and the knowledge needed, if we are to see positive change in socioeconomic statistics. A first step is to merge the activities of education and development so that obstacles to growth become areas of study in the school. Next, outside technical assistance must be made available through the school, which amplifies coverage, lessens time spent on basic concepts and takes advantage of potent youthful energy. This merging of activities enhances the quality of each by providing purpose and motivation for each.

Unfortunately, the intent of creating equal opportunity through the standardization process, while claiming different degrees of success in different places, in general failed completely throughout economically stagnant regions of the world. The wholesale training of an employee class, and then sending them out into a jobless situation, is counterproductive. Opportunity lies in entrepreneurship and the application of creativity to specific local circumstances.

Amún Shéa, a school in the Morazán province of El Salvador, has accepted this mandate and has taken on the challenge of merging education and development. It is a unique but proven educational project, designed to combat the self-perpetuating underdevelopment that is endemic to the region. It is working to stop this repetitive cycle through human development which focuses on changing attitudes, building real-world skills and creating opportunity for realization of hopes, dreams and goals.

It is gratifying and provides hope to see endeavors similar to Amún Shéa developing quietly throughout the world. It makes the future brighter. Be a part of it!

Educación, pobreza y estatus quo

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Llegar a distinguirse como la zona más pobre del país, tanto a nivel económico como en lo académico, no es tarea fácil. Lleva años, incluso décadas, muchos pasos progresivos para lograrlo y aún más trabajo para mantenerlo. Se manifiesta en actitudes, en conformismo y una paradójica combinación de resentimiento y resignación. Se expresa en el estatus quo y lejos de motivar la búsqueda de alternativas de salida de la pobreza, se induce una fuerte resistencia a cambio. En un mundo de incerteza y temor, el saber tu puesto y rol provee un sentido de seguridad, aún y cuando tu puesto se encuentra en el último lugar. Éste es la situación actual en el norte de Morazán, en el nor-oriente de El Salvador.

La división de los roles y la plena aceptación de ellos entre todos los actores son factores determinantes en mantener el estatus quo. La automatización de los procesos sociales resulta en la aceptación de ser siempre la “población beneficiario” para los organismos de la Industria de la Pobreza y de un entendimiento tácito en cuanto el reparto o distribución de esta cooperación.

La intromisión de elementos, instituciones o conceptos ajenos del “entendimiento” es causa de gran preocupación. Peor aún son los que apuntan a efectuar cambios estructurales que podrían modificar la percepción o imagen de “pobres, víctimas y dignas.”

En 2008, iniciamos el Centro de Desarrollo Integral, Amún Shéa, como un sistema educativo diseñado para responder a las necesidades socioeconómicas de la zona. Como esperado, el programa inmediatamente se llamó la atención, tanto de padres y madres quienes lo vieron como una opción viable para mejorar el futuro de sus hijos, como de algunos que lo vieron con desconfianza, con temor que vendría a complicar el estatus quo. Como expresó un miembro de consejo municipal local, “la capacidad de gestión de este proyecto va a absorber un porcentaje desproporcional de la ayuda internacional designada a la zona.”

Metodología nueva que no contiene “los básicos” de la educación tradicional es rechazada automáticamente, aunque se acepta que el sistema actual de educación en Morazán es un fracaso. Es cierto que incluso los padres y madres que apoyan el programa tienen dificultad midiendo el progreso de su hijo o hija por medio de estándares tradicionales, hasta que aprendan nuevas sistemas de evaluación. La experiencia demuestra que nuestro programa funciona, que es efectivo y que cuenta con resultados positivos tangibles. La asimilación de la comunidad, mas sin embargo, es un proceso retrasado por el estatus quo.

El punto es, para que un programa educativo o cualquier otro programa sea exitoso en crear cambios reales; primero debe superar la inercia del estatus quo que permea los estratos sociales, incluso a los que aparentemente apoyan el cambio y la erradicación de la pobreza.

Education, Poverty and Status Quo

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Gaining distinction as the poorest area in the country, both in economic terms and academic achievement, is not an easy task. It takes years, even decades and many progressive steps to achieve it, and even more work to maintain it. It is manifested in attitudes, in conformity and a paradoxical combination of resentment and resignation. It is expressed in the status quo and far from motivating the search for alternatives out of poverty; it actually induces a strong resistance to change. In an uncertain, fearful world knowing your place and your role provides a sense of security, even when that place is last place. This is the current situation in northern Morazán, in north-east El Salvador.

The division of roles and full acceptance of them among all players is the determining factor in maintaining status quo. The automation of social processes results in the acceptance of always being the “beneficiary population” for entities of the Poverty Industry and a tacit understanding with regard to the distribution of the provided resources.

The intromission of elements, institutions or concepts foreign to the “understanding” is cause for great concern. Worse yet are those that focus on developing structural changes which could modify the perception or image of the “poor and dignified victims.”

In 2008 we started Amún Shéa, Center for Integrated Development, as an alternative educational system designed to address the socioeconomic needs of the area. As expected, the program immediately drew attention to itself, both from parents seeing it as a viable option for bettering their children’s future and by those who looked at it warily, fearing that it would disrupt the status quo. As one local council member expressed, “the fundraising capacity of this project, will absorb a disproportionate share of international cooperation designated for the area.”

New methodology which does not contain “the basics” of traditional education is automatically rejected, although it is generally accepted that the current educational system in Morazán is a failure. Even parents supportive of the program have difficulty measuring their child´s progress by traditional standards, until they learn new systems of evaluation. Experience shows that our program works, is effective and has tangible positive results. Assimilation within the community, nevertheless, is a process delayed by status quo.

The point is, for an educational program or any other program to be successful in creating real change; it must first overcome the inertia of status quo which permeates social strati, including those seemingly supportive of change and poverty eradication.